If you want compost quickly, then
you should look into hot composting. As opposed to
regular or cold composting, which may take months to
create a usable humus, hot composting relies on
bacterial action, producing heat up to 140 degrees.
Your compost or humus can be ready to use within a
month!
The best way to begin is to store
up enough materials to make a one cubic yard compost pile.
You will need equal amounts of green (nitrogen rich) and
brown (carbon-rich) material. If your pile is any smaller,
the pile will not build up enough inner heat to reach these
high temperatures. If it is much larger, the same problem
will arise. You can also build the pile as you collect the
composting ingredients, but composting will be slower.
Choose a level place for your composting bin. Start with a
thin layer of rough stems such as corn stalks or rough
flower or plant stalks from your gardens, so air can reach
the bottom of the pile. Place a good base of carbon-rich
leaves, straw or chipped garden waste on this, and add some
good soil or active humus. The soil or humus is your
beginning source of heat-generating bacteria and organisms
that will kick-start the decomposition.
Chipping or chopping up leaves and stems is a good idea, as
smaller pieces will decompose more quickly. This is a good
rule of thumb for all materials you plan to add to any
compost bin.
Once your bin and the base layers of stems, carbon-rich
ingredients and soil are in place, add green ingredients.
This can be kitchen scraps, again with larger pieces cut or
chopped up. Now alternate brown and green ingredients in
thin layers. They should be added in roughly equal amounts.
By separating the green (often moist kitchen scraps) from
the drier leaves and straw, any smell or odor is reduced.
As you add them, you can lightly mix them together.
You need certain conditions for the composting to occur.
The heat-generating bacteria need some moisture and warmth,
and some air. Keep your pile damp, but not wet, and aerate
it regularly by turning it. Turning the pile will also move
the cooler materials on the edges to the center, where they
can heat up and decompose. If you have a compost
thermometer, you can use it monitor the inner
temperature.
It doesn't take long for the pile to reach temperatures hot
enough to kill most weed seeds and disease-causing
organisms. As the pile composts, you will notice the
temperature will decrease. When the pile no longer gets hot
in the center, let it cure for a few days, and your new and
clean compost is ready to use!